Derivatives of 2,5-dihydroxyphenylcarboxylic acids, and their utilization in cosmetic or dermatological compositions with a depigmenting action

ABSTRACT

A cosmetic or dermatological composition with a depigmenting action comprises derivatives of 2,5-dihydroxyphenylcarboxylic acids, their homologs, and their salts, with the derivatives having the following structural formula: ##STR1## wherein: R 1  represents OR 5 , OH, or ##STR2## R 5  is a linear or branched C 1  -C 20  alkyl radical, a linear or branched C 2  -C 20  alkenyl radical, or a C 1  -C 20  alkyl radical substituted by one or more hydroxy or alkoxy groups; 
     r&#39; and r&#34;, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a C 1  -C 20  alkyl radical, a C 2  -C 6  hydroxyalkyl radical, or a C 3  -C 6  polyhydroxyalkyl, or r&#39; and r&#34; taken together, with the nitrogen atom, form a heterocycle; 
     the number of carbon atoms in the --(CH 2 ) n  --COR 1  chain is less than or equal to 21; 
     R 2  and R 3 , identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched C 1  -C 4  alkyl radical, or a C 1  -C 4  alkoxy; R 4  represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched C.sub. -C 4  alkyl radical; and 
     n is an integer from 0 to 20, provided that, when R 2  and R 3  represent a hydrogen atom, n is greater than or equal to 2.

This is a Division of application Ser. No. 08/465,105 filed Jun. 5, 1995now U.S. Pat. No. 5,587,173, which is a Division of application Ser. No.07/913,950, filed Jul. 17, 1992 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,449,518.

The present invention relates to the use of derivatives of2,5-dihydroxyphenylcarboxylic acids, their homologs, and their salts forthe preparation of cosmetic or dermatological compositions which whentopically applied, bleach the skin or treat pigmented spots. Theinvention also relates to novel homologs of2,5-dihydroxyphenylcarboxylic acid.

BACKGROUND

The mechanism by which skin pigmentation is formed, namely by whichmelanins are formed, is particularly complex and schematically involvesthe following main steps:

Tyrosine→Dopa→Dopaquinone→Dopachrome→Melanins,

with the enzyme involved in this series of reactions being essentiallytyrosinase.

The substances in widest use at the present time as depigmentors are inparticular hydroquinone and its derivatives, particularly its etherssuch as hydroquinone monomethyl ether.

These compounds, while they are definitely effective, are unfortunatelynot bereft of side effects, which can make their use delicate or evendangerous.

Thus, hydroquinone, whose use is moreover limited to a concentration of2%, is a compound that is particularly irritating and cytotoxic to themelanocyte, and whose total or partial replacement has been consideredby many authors.

Thus, U.S. Pat. No. 4,526,779 has proposed certain hydroquinone fattyesters that have good activity and are less irritating and more stablethan hydroquinone.

Likewise, other hydroquinone derivatives that do not have the drawbacksof hydroquinone but whose efficacy has proved relatively poor have beenproposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 27909/86.

It is well established that a substance has a depigmenting effect if itacts directly on the vitality of the epidermal melanocytes wheremelanogenesis normally occurs and/or if it interferes with one of thestages in melanin biosynthesis, either by inhibiting one of the enzymesinvolved or by intercalation as a structural analog in the synthesispathway which can accordingly be blocked, hence the depigmenting effect.

The use of topical depigmentors that have good efficacy and are harmlessis particularly desirable with a view to treating regionalhyperpigmentation caused by melanocytic hyperactivity such as idiopathicmelasma occurring during pregnancy (mask of pregnancy or chloasma) orsecondary to estrogen-progesterone contraception; localhyperpigmentation caused by benign melanocytic hyperactivity andproliferation such as lentigo senilis, or liver spots; accidentalhyperpigmentation such as postlesional photosensitization and scarring;and certain forms of leukoderma such as vitiligo where, if the injuredskin cannot be repigmented, the residual zones of normal skin aredepigmented to impart a homogeneous white color to the entire skin.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

After numerous studies on a number of substances, it has surprisinglybeen found that certain 2,5-dihydroxyphenylcarboxylic acid derivatives,their homologs, and their salts have particularly pronounceddepigmenting action which is distinctly superior to that of hydroquinonein an in vitro tyrosinase activity inhibition test.

Hence, an object of the present invention is the use of derivatives of2,5-dihydroxyphenylcarboxylic acids, their homologs, and their salts forpreparing a cosmetic or dermatological composition with a depigmentingaction, said derivatives having the following structural formula:##STR3## wherein: R₁ represents OR₅, OH, or ##STR4## R₅ is a linear orbranched C₁ -C₂₀ alkyl radical, a linear or branched C₂ -C₂₀ alkenylradical, or a C₁ -C₂₀ alkyl radical substituted by one or more hydroxyor alkoxy groups;

r' and r", identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a C₁ -C₂₀alkyl radical, a C₂ -C₆ hydroxyalkyl radical, or a C₃ -C₆polyhydroxyalkyl radical, or r' and r" taken together, with the nitrogenatom, form a heterocycle;

the number of carbon atoms in the --(CH₂)_(n) --COR₁ chain is less thanor equal to 21;

R₂ and R₃, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a linearor branched C₁ -C₄ alkyl radical, or a C₁ -C₄ alkoxy;

R₄ represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched C₁ -C₄ alkylradical; and

n is an integer from 0 to 20, provided that, when R₂ and R₃ represent ahydrogen atom, n is greater than or equal to 2.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, examples of asuitable C₁ -C₂₀ alkyl radical include a methyl, ethyl, propyl,isopropyl, butyl, tertiary butyl, isoamyl, octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, dodecyl,tetradecyl, hexadecyl, or octadecyl radical.

An example of a suitable C₂ -C₂₀ alkenyl radical is the oleyl radical.

An example of a suitable C₁ -C₁₀ alkyl radical substituted by one ormore hydroxy or alkoxy groups is a hydroxymethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl,2-hydroxypropyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, 4-hydroxybutyl, 5-hydroxypentyl,6-hydroxyhexyl, methoxyethyl, or ethoxymethyl radical.

An example of a suitable C₂ -C₆ hydroxyalkyl radical is a2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, or 3-hydroxypropyl radical.

An example of a suitable C₃ -C₆ polyhydroxyalkyl radical is a radicalhaving 3 to 6 carbon atoms and 2 to 5 hydroxyl groups such as the2,3-dihydroxypropyl, 2,3,4-trihydroxybutyl, or2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxypentyl radical.

An example of a suitable C₁ -C₄ alkoxy radical is a methoxy, ethoxy,propoxy, isopropoxy, or butoxy radical.

When r' and r" taken together form a heterocycle with the nitrogen atom,this can be a morpholino, pyrrolidino, piperidino, piperazino ring, orpiperazino ring substituted by C₁ -C₄ alkyl or C₂ -C₆ hydroxyalkyl.

The 2,5-dihydroxyphenylcarboxylic acid derivatives with structuralformula (I) are known for the most part and have been described inFrench Patents Nos. 7824174 (2,400,358) and 7824175 (2,400,359).

Examples of compounds with general formula (I) include the following:

2,5-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid and its ethyl and lauric esters,

2,5-dihydroxy-3,4-dimethylphenylacetic acid and its ethyl ester,

methyl 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetate,

2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetic acid,

2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylpropionic acid and its ethyl ester,

2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylbenzoic acid and its methyl or ethyl ester,

2,5-dihydroxy-4-ethylbenzoic acid,

2,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid and its methyl ester,

2,5-dihydroxy-4-ethoxybenzoic acid,

3-(2,5-dihydroxy-4'-methylphenyl)-1-N(ω-carboxydecyl) propylamide,

2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylbutanoic acid,

2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylhexanoic acid,

2,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenylacetic acid and its methyl ester,

2,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenylacetamide,

methyl ester of 2,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxyphenylacetic acid,

2,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxyphenylpentadecanoic acid and its methyl ester,

2,5-dihydroxyphenylbutanoic acid and its methyl ester,

2,5-dihydroxyphenylbutylamide,

2,5-dihydroxyphenylpentanoic acid,

2,5-dihydroxyphenylpentylamide,

2,5-dihydroxyphenylhexanoic acid,

2,5-dihydroxyphenyloctanoic acid,

2,5-dihydroxyphenyldecanoic acid and its ethyl ester,

2,5-dihydroxyphenylundecanoic acid and its methyl ester,

2,5-dihydroxy-3,4-dimethylphenylbutanoic acid,

2,5-dihydroxy-3,4-dimethoxyphenylacetic acid,

ethyl ester of 2,5-dihydroxy-4,6-dimethylphenylacetic acid,

2-(2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenyl)-N-octylacetamide, and

6-(2,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)hexanoic acid.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the derivatives of2,5-dihydroxyphenylcarboxylic acids, their homologs, and their saltshave the following general formula (II): ##STR5## wherein: R'₁ has thesame meaning as given hereinabove for R₁ according to formula (I);

m is 1 or 2;

(i) when m is 1, at least one of the radicals R'₂ and R'₃ represents alinear or branched C₁ -C₄ alkyl radical, and the other can represent ahydrogen atom, and

(ii) when m is 2, R'₂ and R'₃, which are identical or different,represent a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched C₁ -C₄ alkyl radical.

Examples of compounds with general formula (II) include the following:

2,5-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid,

2,5-dihydroxy-3,4-dimethylphenylacetic acid,

methyl 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetate,

2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetic acid, and

2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylpropionic acid.

In the depigmenting compositions according to the present invention, theconcentration of 2,5-dihydroxyphenylcarboxylic acid derivatives,homologs, and salts with formula (I) is generally between 0.01 and 10%,and preferably between 0.5 and 5 wt. %, relative to the total weight ofthe composition.

Examples of vehicles for application of the compositions include anaqueous or water-alcohol solution, an emulsion of the oil-in-water orwater-in-oil type, an emulsified gel, or a two-phase system.

Preferably, the compositions according to the invention are in the formof a lotion, a cream, a milk, a gel, a mask, microspheres ornanospheres, or vesicular dispersions. In the case of vesiculardispersions, the lipids of which the vesicles are made can be of theionic or nonionic type, or a mixture thereof.

These cosmetic compositions can optionally also contain a moistener, asurfactant, a keratolytic, an anti-inflammatory agent, a complexingagent, an antioxidant, a preservative, a fragrance, or a sunscreen.

These compositions are applied topically in an amount corresponding tothe conventional application doses for the type of composition inquestion (gel, cream, lotion, etc.). For example, in the case of acream, 0.5 to 3 mg is used, and in particular 1 to 2 mg of cream per cm²of skin per application, at the rate of one or two applications per day.

The present invention also has as an object novel compounds which arederivatives of 2,5-dihydroxyphenylcarboxylic acid having the followingstructural formula (III): ##STR6## wherein: R represents the OR' or NHR"radical, R' represents a linear or branched C₁ -C₆ lower alkyl radical,and R" represents a C₄ -C₁₂ alkyl radical.

Examples of compounds with formula (III) include the following:

methyl 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetate,

ethyl 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetate,

propyl 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetate,

isopropyl 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetate,

butyl 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetate,

isoamyl 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetate, and

N-octyl-2-(2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenyl)acetamide.

In vitro studies

Certain of the 2,5-dihydroxyphenylcarboxylic acid derivatives, theirhomologs, and their salts with general formula (I) have been studied bycomparison to hydroquinone in equivalent molar quantities in the invitro tyrosinase activity inhibition test.

According to this test, the quantity of dopachrome formed during thechain of reactions by which tyrosine is converted into melanins ismonitored by visible spectrometry at 475 nm. These reactions arecatalyzed in vitro by fungal tyrosinase in the presence of a reducingcosubstrate (for example L-dopa in a small quantity) to initiate thehydroxylation reaction of L-tyrosine into L-dopa. The L-dopa is thenoxidized catalytically into dopaquinone and then into dopachrome, anintermediate formed prior to the nonenzymatic oxidation reactions thatlead to formation of melanins.

Hence, the concentration of dopachrome formed over time both in thepresence and in the absence of the inhibitor is measured.

The inhibitor concentrations are established at 50 mol. % relative tothe tyrosine concentration in the reaction medium.

The effect of inhibition is expressed by the decrease in the maximumquantity of dopachrome formed (optical density value at 475 nm read fromthe plateau of the curve) relative to the quantity obtained in theabsence of inhibitor.

    ______________________________________                                        Experimental Conditions                                                       ______________________________________                                        Reagents:                                                                     A -          0.1M phosphate buffer, pH = 6.5 (Tween 20,                                    1%)                                                              B -          Stock solution of L-tyrosine, 2 × 10.sup.-3 M in A         C -          Stock solution of L-dopa, 10.sup.-4 M in A                       D -          Stock solution of fungal tyrosinase, 2400 units/                              ml, in A                                                         E -          Stock solution of inhibitor, 10.sup.-2 M in A                    (solutions C and D must be prepared on the day of the experiment).            Results                                                                       --           reference cell:                                                                          3 ml of A                                             --           test cell: 1 ml of B                                                                     0.1 ml of C                                                                   1.85 ml of A + E                                      --           homogenize and equilibrate at 25° C.                      --           add 0.05 ml of D                                                 --           mix rapidly and observe kinetics by measuring                                 absorbance at 475 nm as a function of time.                      ______________________________________                                    

                  TABLE I                                                         ______________________________________                                        Compounds             % Inhibition                                            ______________________________________                                         ##STR7##             -87%                                                     ##STR8##             -66%                                                     ##STR9##             -59%                                                     ##STR10##            -64%                                                     ##STR11##            -42%                                                     ##STR12##            -33%                                                    ______________________________________                                    

As illustrated in Table 1, the 2,5-dihydroxyphenylcarboxylic acidderivatives, their homologs, and their salts of the compositionsaccording to the present invention have melanogenesis-inhibitingactivity distinctly superior to that of hydroquinone.

PREPARATION EXAMPLES Example I

Preparation of methyl 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetate

A mixture of 145.6 g of 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetic acid and 45 gof dry sulfonic acid resin (IRN-77^(R)) is heated under reflux in 4.38liters of absolute methanol. The mixture is filtered and the filtrateevaporated. The white solid is recrystallized from a mixture of ethylacetate and heptane (50:50), yielding white crystals with the followingcharacteristics:

Melting point=138.5° C.

Elementary analysis:

Calculated: C% 61.22 H% 6.16 0% 32.62

Actual: 61.23 6.14 32.40

Examples 2 to 6

Using the method described above for Example 1 but replacing the ethanolby the corresponding alcohol, the following compounds were prepared:

Example 2

Ethyl 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetate

White crystals, m.p.=134° C. (isopropyl acetate)

Elementary analysis: C₁₁ H₁₄ O₄

Calculated: C% 62.85 H% 6.71 0% 30.44

Actual: 62.79 6.72 30.32

Example 3

Propyl 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetate

White crystals, m.p.=101° C. (isopropyl ether)

Elementary analysis: C₁₂ H₁₆ O₄

Calculated: C% 64.27 H% 7.19 0% 28.54

Actual: 64.32 7.22 28.45

Example 4

Isopropyl 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetate

White crystals, m.p.=123° C. (water)

Elementary analysis: C₁₂ H₁₆ O₄

Calculated: C% 64.27 H% 7.19 0% 28.54

Actual: 64.13 7.28 28.34

Example 5

Butyl 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetate

White crystals, m.p.=113° C. (water)

Elementary analysis: C₁₃ H₁₈ O₄

Calculated: C% 65.53 H% 7.61 0% 26.86

Actual: 65.58 7.60 27.02

Example 6

Isoamyl 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetate

White crystals, m.p.=99° C. (isopropyl acetate)

Elementary analysis for C₁₄ H₂₀ O₄

Calculated: C% 66.65 H% 7.99 0% 25.36

Actual: 66.47 7.91 25.09

Example 7

Preparation of N-octyl-(2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenyl)-acetamide

A solution of 7.75 g of n-octylamine dissolved in 15 ml ofdimethylformamide is placed in a solution of 10 g of5-hydroxy-6-methyl-3H-benzofuran-2-one dissolved in 15 ml ofdimethylformamide. After 15 minutes at 100° C., the mixture isevaporated to dryness at reduced pressure. It is treated with 100 ml ofethyl acetate, rinsed with water, dried, then evaporated, yielding awhite solid which is recrystallized from isopropyl acetate.

Melting point: 118° C. white crystals

Elementary analysis: C₁₇ H₂₇ NO₃

Calculated: C% 69.59 H% 9.28 N% 4.77 0% 16.36

Actual: 69.50 9.15 4.58 16.66

Example 8

Preparation of 6-(2,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-hexanoic acid

a) Preparation of 6-(2,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-6-oxohexanoic acid

Seven grams of 2-methoxyhydroquinone and 13.6 g of the monomethyl esterof adipic acid in 60 ml of dichloroethane are mixed under nitrogen in athree-necked flask. Thirteen milliliters of boron trifluoride etherateis run in at room temperature. After five hours of refluxing, thereaction medium is poured into a mixture of 40 g of sodium acetatetrihydrate and 100 ml of water. The product is extracted with 500 ml ofethyl acetate, washed, dried, and concentrated under vacuum. The residueis treated with a mixture of 1.4 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid, 14 mlof water, and 40 ml of acetic acid at 80° C. for three hours, then thesolution is poured into 100 ml of ice water. The precipitate isfiltered, washed several times with 20 ml of water, and dried. The solidis recrystallized from a mixture of ethyl acetate and isopropyl ether,yielding yellow crystals with the following characteristics:

Melting point: 165° C.

Elementary analysis: C₁₃ H₁₆ O₆

Calculated: C% 58.20 H% 6.01 0% 35.78

Actual: 58.02 6.09 35.73

b) Preparation of 6-2,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-hexanoic acid

Two grams of mossy zinc, 0.13 g of mercuric chloride, 0.13 ml ofconcentrated hydrochloric acid, and 4 ml of water are mixed whilestirring. After ten minutes the aqueous phase is-decanted, then theamalgam is rinsed with water. To this amalgam are added a solution of2.5 g of 6-(2,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-6-oxohexanoic acid in 20 mlof toluene, then a dilute hydrochloric acid solution (6 ml concentratedHCl and 3 ml of water). After eight hours of refluxing, the solution ispoured into 300 ml of ice water. The desired compound is extracted withethyl acetate (3×100 ml) and washed with water, dried, then evaporatedunder vacuum. The solid is recrystallized from a mixture of ethylacetate and heptane to give white crystals with the followingcharacteristics:

Melting point: 142° C.

Elementary analysis: C₁₃ H₁₈ O₅

Calculated: C% 61.41 H% 7.14 0% 31.46

Actual: 61.33 7.20 31.50

EXAMPLES OF COMPOSITIONS Example 1

Water-in-oil emulsion

    ______________________________________                                        Glycerin                   5       g                                          Propylene glycol           10      g                                          Methyl 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetate                                                               0.5     g                                          Cyclomethicone (cyclopentadimethylsiloxane)                                                              20      g                                          Abil WO9 (mixture of ethoxylated propoxylated poly-                                                      3       g                                          cetyldimethylsiloxane, polyglyceryl isostearate with 4 mols                   of glycerin, and hexyl laurate)                                               Fragrance                  0.1     g                                          Preservatives              0.2     g                                          Water                      qs. 100 g                                          ______________________________________                                    

In this example, the methyl 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetate canadvantageously be replaced by 0.8 g of2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylhexanoic acid.

Example 2

Water-in-oil emulsion

    ______________________________________                                        Propylene glycol           11      g                                          Methyl 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetate                                                               0.5     g                                          Mineral oil (vaseline)     20.5    g                                          Sorbitan isostearate (fatty acid esters and sorbitol)                                                    5       g                                          Miglyol Gel B (hectorite modified by dimethylbenzyl-                                                     5       g                                          stearylammonium chloride in glyceryl dicaprylate/dicaprate)                   Coco-caprylate/caprate (esters of C.sub.8 -C.sub.10 acids and C.sub.12                                   1       g                                          C.sub.18 fatty alcohol)                                                       Fragrance                  0.1     g                                          Preservatives              0.2     g                                          Water                      qs. 100 g                                          ______________________________________                                    

In this example, the methyl 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetate can bereplaced by 0.8 g of isoamyl 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetate.

Example 3

Oil-in-water emulsion

    ______________________________________                                        Ceteareth 20 (cetylstearyl alcohal ethoxylated with 20                                                   1       g                                          moles of ethylene oxide)                                                      Glycol stearate (ethylene glycol palmitostearate)                                                        3       g                                          Coco-caprylate/caprate (esters of C.sub.8 -C.sub.10 acids and C.sub.12                                   5       g                                          C.sub.18 fatty alcohol)                                                       Carbomer 934 (carboxyvinyl polymer)                                                                      0.3     g                                          Triethanolamine            0.9     g                                          96% Ethyl alcohol          20      g                                          Methyl 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetate                                                               1.5     g                                          Glycerin                   3       g                                          Fragrance                  0.1     g                                          Preservatives              0.2     g                                          Water                      qs. 100 g                                          ______________________________________                                    

In this example, the methyl 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetate can bereplaced by 1 g of isopropyl 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetate.

Example 4

Lotion

    ______________________________________                                        96% Ethyl alcohol      50        g                                            PEG (8-mols) (polyethylene glycol No. 8)                                                             30        g                                            Ethoxydiglycol         5         g                                            Glycerin               5         g                                            Methyl 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetate                                                           3.6       g                                            Water                  qs. 100   g                                            ______________________________________                                    

In this example, the methyl 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenylacetate can bereplaced by 2.5 g of 6-(2,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)hexanoic acid.

While the present invention has been disclosed in connection withpreferred embodiments thereof, it should be appreciated that there areother embodiments of the present invention which fall within the spiritand scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A cosmetic or dermatological composition with adepigmenting action comprising, in a suitable vehicle for topicalapplication to the skin, 2,5-dihydroxyphenylcarboxylic acid derivativeshaving the following formula: ##STR13## wherein: R₁ represents ##STR14##r' and r", which are identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom,a C₁ -C₂₀ alkyl radical, a C₂ -C₆ hydroxyalkyl radical, or a C₃ -C₆polyhydroxyalkyl radical, or r' and r" taken together, with the nitrogenatom, form a heterocycle selected from the group consisting ofmorpholino, pyrrolidino, piperidino, piperazino and piperazinosubstituted by a C₁ -C₄ alkyl or a C₂ -C₆ hydroxyalkyl;the number ofcarbon atoms in the --(CH₂)_(n) --COR₁ chain is less than or equal to21; R₂ and R₃, which are identical or different, represent a hydrogenatom, a linear or branched C₁ -C₄ alkyl radical, or a C₁ -C₄ alkoxy; R₄represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched C₁ -C₄ alkyl radical;and n is an integer of from 0 to 20, provided that, when R₂ and R₃represent a hydrogen atom, n is greater than or equal to
 2. 2. Thecomposition according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of said2,5-dihydroxyphenylcarboxylic acid derivatives is between 0.01 to 10 wt.%, relative to the total weight of the composition.
 3. The compositionaccording to claim 1, wherein the concentration of said2,5-dihydroxyphenylcarboxylic acid derivatives is between 0.05 to 5 wt.%, relative to the total weight of the composition.
 4. The compositionaccording to claim 1, wherein the suitable vehicle for application tothe skin is in the form of at least one member selected from the groupconsisting of lotions, creams, milk, gels, masks, microspheres,nanospheres, and vesicular dispersions.
 5. The composition according toclaim 1, wherein the composition further comprises at least oneingredient selected from the group consisting of moisteners,surfactants, keratolytics, anti-inflammatory agents, complexing agents,antioxidants, preservatives, fragrances, and sunscreens.
 6. A compoundbeing a derivative of 2,5-dihydroxyphenylcarboxylic acid having thefollowing formula: ##STR15## wherein R represents a NHR" radical, and R"represents a C₄ -C₁₂ alkyl radical.
 7. The composition according toclaim 1, wherein R₄ represents a hydrogen atom.
 8. The compositionaccording to claim 1, wherein R₂ and R₃, which are identical ordifferent, represent a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched C₁ -C₄alkyl radical, provided that when n is 1, at least one of R₂ and R₃represent a linear or branched C₁ -C₄ alkyl radical.
 9. The compositionaccording to claim 1, wherein said 2,5-dihydroxyphenylcarboxylic acidderivatives are selected from the group consistingof:3-(2,5-dihydroxy-4'-methylphenyl)-1-N-(ω-carboxydecyl) propylamide,2,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenylacetamide, 2,5-dihydroxyphenylbutylamide,2,5-dihydroxyphenylpentylamide, and2-(2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenyl)-N-octylacetamide.
 10. The compoundaccording to claim 6, said compound being2-(2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenyl)-N-octylacetamide.